It's really common in today's game development scene to approach game development through tools that abstract and guide our efforts, without exposing us to the nitty-gritty details of how things work on low-level and speeding up and easing our development process. This approach is great when things work well, but it can be seriously detrimental when we are facing against issues: we are tied to what the library/framework creators decided was the best (read "applicable in the widest range of problems") approach to solving a problem.

Games normally run at 30fps, more modern games run at 60fps, some even more, leaving us with between 33ms to 16ms or less to process a frame, which includes:

- Process the user input;
- Update the player movement according to the input;
- Update the state of any AI that is used in the level;
- Move the NPCs according to their AI;
- Identify Collisions between all game objects;
- React to said Collisions;
- Update the Camera (if present);
- Update the HUD (if present);
- Draw the scene to the screen.

These are only some basic things that can be subject to change in a game, **every single frame**.

When things don't go well, the game lags, slows down or even locks up. In that case we will be forced to take the matter in our hands and get dirty handling things exactly as we want them (instead of trying to solve a generic problem).

When you are coding a game for any device that doesn't really have "infinite memory", like a mobile phone, consoles or older computers, this "technical low-level know-how" becomes all the more important.

This book wants to open the box that contains everything related to 2D game development, plus some small tips and tricks to make your game more enjoyable. This way, if your game encounters some issues, you won't fear diving into low-level details and fix it yourself.

Or why not, make everything from scratch using some pure-multimedia interfaces (like SDL or SFML) instead of fully fledged game engines (like Unity).

This book aims to be a free (as in price) teaching and reference resource for anyone who wants to learn 2D game development, including the nitty-gritty details.

Available here in python and pseudocode editions.

Get the latest version of this book and help improve it at  the GitLab Repository or the GitHub Repository.

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It's really common in today's game development scene to approach game development through tools that abstract and guide our efforts, without exposing us to the nitty-gritty details of how things work on low-level and speeding up and easing our development process. This approach is great when things work well, but it can be seriously detrimental when we are facing against issues: we are tied to what the library/framework creators decided was the best (read "applicable in the widest range of problems") approach to solving a problem.

Games normally run at 30fps, more modern games run at 60fps, some even more, leaving us with between 33ms to 16ms or less to process a frame, which includes:

- Process the user input;
- Update the player movement according to the input;
- Update the state of any AI that is used in the level;
- Move the NPCs according to their AI;
- Identify Collisions between all game objects;
- React to said Collisions;
- Update the Camera (if present);
- Update the HUD (if present);
- Draw the scene to the screen.

These are only some basic things that can be subject to change in a game, **every single frame**.

When things don't go well, the game lags, slows down or even locks up. In that case we will be forced to take the matter in our hands and get dirty handling things exactly as we want them (instead of trying to solve a generic problem).

When you are coding a game for any device that doesn't really have "infinite memory", like a mobile phone, consoles or older computers, this "technical low-level know-how" becomes all the more important.

This book wants to open the box that contains everything related to 2D game development, plus some small tips and tricks to make your game more enjoyable. This way, if your game encounters some issues, you won't fear diving into low-level details and fix it yourself.

Or why not, make everything from scratch using some pure-multimedia interfaces (like SDL or SFML) instead of fully fledged game engines (like Unity).

This book aims to be a free (as in price) teaching and reference resource for anyone who wants to learn 2D game development, including the nitty-gritty details.

Available here in python and pseudocode editions.

Get the latest version of this book and help improve it at  the GitLab Repository or the GitHub Repository.

Listed by Unglue.it.

This book is open access under a CC BY license. The volume constitutes the proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Agile Software Development, XP 2017, held in Cologne, Germany, in May 2017.The 14 full and 6 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 46 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: improving agile processes; agile in organization; and safety critical software. In addition, the volume contains 3 doctoral symposium papers (from 4 papers submitted).

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This book is open access under a CC BY license. The volume constitutes the proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Agile Software Development, XP 2017, held in Cologne, Germany, in May 2017.The 14 full and 6 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 46 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: improving agile processes; agile in organization; and safety critical software. In addition, the volume contains 3 doctoral symposium papers (from 4 papers submitted).

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UTS ePRESS is the open access publishing arm of the University of Technology Sydney (UTS). Our aim is to remove barriers to knowledge by freely disseminating high quality scholarly works. Through this commitment to open knowledge, we contribute to scholarship that seeks to solve global challenges.

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Computer Science is a dynamic and interdisciplinary field that encompasses the study of algorithms, data structures, programming languages, and computational theory, with applications spanning across virtually all domains of modern life. For beginners, the journey into computer science involves building a solid foundation in these fundamental concepts, which are essential for understanding how computers process information and solve problems. This paper introduces key concepts and tools that form the core of computer science, starting with an overview of computational thinking, problem-solving, and programming. It covers the basic principles of algorithms, logic, and data structures, providing insights into how data is organized and manipulated. Programming languages such as Python, Java, and C++ are introduced as vehicles for teaching programming skills and logical reasoning, alongside basic software development practices. The study of computer science for beginners also includes an exploration of key areas such as computer hardware, operating systems, databases, and networks. Emphasis is placed on developing practical coding skills and understanding the real-world applications of computer science, from web development to artificial intelligence. The paper concludes with a discussion of the importance of computational literacy and the wide-ranging career opportunities available in the technology sector.

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Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) methods are increasingly widely used to bridge the gaps between the evidence base for best clinical practice, what actually happens in practice, and the achievement of better population health outcomes. Among a range of quality improvement strategies, CQI methods are characterised by iterative and ongoing use of specific processes to identify quality problems, develop solutions, and implement and evaluate changes. The application of CQI processes in health is evolving and evidence of their success continues to emerge. There is, however, a need to enhance understanding of how best to implement, scale-up and evaluate CQI programs for the purpose of improving quality of care and population health outcomes in different contexts. This research topic aims to attract articles that add to knowledge of useful approaches to tailoring CQI methods for different contexts or purposes, and for implementation, scale-up and evaluation of CQI interventions/programs.

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This Open Access book explains the philosophy, design principles, and community organization of Decidim and provides essential insights into the platform.

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This Open Access book explains the philosophy, design principles, and community organization of Decidim and provides essential insights into the platform.

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This open access book provides an overview of the dissertations of the five nominees for the Ernst Denert Award for Software Engineering in 2019. The prize, kindly sponsored by the Gerlind & Ernst Denert Stiftung, is awarded for excellent work within the discipline of Software Engineering, which includes methods, tools and procedures for better and efficient development of high quality software. An essential requirement for the nominated work is its applicability and usability in industrial practice. The book contains five papers describing the works by Sebastian Baltes (U Trier) on Software Developers’Work Habits and Expertise, Timo Greifenberg’s thesis on Artefaktbasierte Analyse modellgetriebener Softwareentwicklungsprojekte, Marco Konersmann’s (U Duisburg-Essen) work on Explicitly Integrated Architecture, Marija Selakovic’s (TU Darmstadt) research about Actionable Program Analyses for Improving Software Performance, and Johannes Späth’s (Paderborn U) thesis on Synchronized Pushdown Systems for Pointer and Data-Flow Analysis – which actually won the award. The chapters describe key findings of the respective works, show their relevance and applicability to practice and industrial software engineering projects, and provide additional information and findings that have only been discovered afterwards, e.g. when applying the results in industry. This way, the book is not only interesting to other researchers, but also to industrial software professionals who would like to learn about the application of state-of-the-art methods in their daily work.

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This open access book provides an overview of the dissertations of the eleven nominees for the Ernst Denert Award for Software Engineering in 2020. The prize, kindly sponsored by the Gerlind & Ernst Denert Stiftung, is awarded for excellent work within the discipline of Software Engineering, which includes methods, tools and procedures for better and efficient development of high quality software. An essential requirement for the nominated work is its applicability and usability in industrial practice. The book contains eleven papers that describe the works by Jonathan Brachthäuser (EPFL Lausanne) entitled What You See Is What You Get: Practical Effect Handlers in Capability-Passing Style, Mojdeh Golagha’s (Fortiss, Munich) thesis How to Effectively Reduce Failure Analysis Time?, Nikolay Harutyunyan’s (FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg) work on Open Source Software Governance, Dominic Henze’s (TU Munich) research about Dynamically Scalable Fog Architectures, Anne Hess’s (Fraunhofer IESE, Kaiserslautern) work on Crossing Disciplinary Borders to Improve Requirements Communication, Istvan Koren’s (RWTH Aachen U) thesis DevOpsUse: A Community-Oriented Methodology for Societal Software Engineering, Yannic Noller’s (NU Singapore) work on Hybrid Differential Software Testing, Dominic Steinhofel’s (TU Darmstadt) thesis entitled Ever Change a Running System: Structured Software Reengineering Using Automatically Proven-Correct Transformation Rules, Peter Wägemann’s (FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg) work Static Worst-Case Analyses and Their Validation Techniques for Safety-Critical Systems, Michael von Wenckstern’s (RWTH Aachen U) research on Improving the Model-Based Systems Engineering Process, and Franz Zieris’s (FU Berlin) thesis on Understanding How Pair Programming Actually Works in Industry: Mechanisms, Patterns, and Dynamics – which actually won the award. The chapters describe key findings of the respective works, show their relevance and applicability to practice and industrial software engineering projects, and provide additional information and findings that have only been discovered afterwards, e.g. when applying the results in industry. This way, the book is not only interesting to other researchers, but also to industrial software professionals who would like to learn about the application of state-of-the-art methods in their daily work.

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This open access book provides an overview of the dissertations of the five nominees for the Ernst Denert Award for Software Engineering in 2022. The prize, kindly sponsored by the Gerlind & Ernst Denert Stiftung, is awarded for excellent work within the discipline of Software Engineering, which includes methods, tools and procedures for better and efficient development of high quality software. An essential requirement for the nominated work is its applicability and usability in industrial practice. The book contains five papers that describe the works by Jannik Fischbach (Netlight Consulting GmbH and fortiss GmbH), who won the award, entitled Conditional Statements in Requirements Artifacts: Logical Interpretation, Use Cases for Automated Software Engineering, and Fine-Grained Extraction, Christian Kirchhof's (RWTH Aachen University) From Design to Reality: An Overview of the MontiThings Ecosystem for Model-Driven IoT Applications, Sven Peldszus's (Ruhr University Bochum) research about Security Compliance in Model-driven Development of Software Systems in Presence of Long-Term Evolution and Variants, Florian Rademacher's (RWTH Aachen University) work on Model-Driven Engineering of Microservice Architectures, and Alexander Trautsch's (University of Passau) Usefulness of Automatic Static Analysis Tools: Evidence from Four Case Studies. The chapters describe key findings of the respective works, show their relevance and applicability to practice and industrial software engineering projects, and provide additional information and findings that have only been discovered afterwards, e.g. when applying the results in industry. This way, the book is not only interesting to other researchers, but also to industrial software professionals who would like to learn about the application of state-of-the-art methods in their daily work.

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This open access book bridges the gap between ethical theory and software practice. It introduces foundational concepts in digital ethics, highlights the distinctive nature of software as a technology, and offers a systematic approach to integrating ethics into the development process. The book is structured in eight chapters: it starts with an Introduction presenting a historical overview that puts the relation between ethics and technology (with software as a special kind of technology) in context. Next, What is (Digital) Technology? explores various philosophical perspectives on technology and underlines why software producers carry a significant ethical responsibility. Why develop Software ethically? thenexplores the ethical imperative for software development and advocates for a dynamic hybrid approach that combines universal ethical principles with context-sensitive, participatory methods, while What is Ethics? introduces the foundational concepts of ethics and explores their relevance for software development. Subsequently, Values and Software explores the central role of values in ethical software development discussions. Spotting the Right - Overcoming Moral Uncertainty then addresses the foundational phase of ethical practice and examines the epistemic challenge of identifying morally significant aspects in software design, and Deciding for the Good - Overcoming Moral Indecisiveness examines the challenges of ethical decision-making in software development and highlights the necessity of ethical deliberation to navigate value conflicts such as usability versus explainability, and safety versus autonomy. Eventually, Organization, People and Processes underlines the crucial role organizational structures play in enabling ethical deliberation within software development. The book offers practitioners a clear orientation in the increasingly bewildering landscape of normative demands, value lists, ethical guidelines, and codes of conduct that have emerged around ethically informed software development. It especially aims at practitioners, product managers, policymakers, and students who wish to understand the ethical dimensions of the software systems they develop or regulate.

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

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This open access book which is based on the author’s dissertation in 2024 explores the challenges of metamodeling in the context of extended reality and emphasizes the need for new concepts in metamodeling to effectively combine it with extended reality technologies. The central question of this work is how metamodeling can be used “in” and “for” extended reality. The book is structured in nine chapters: Chapter 1 introduces the topic by providing background information and outlining the research objectives, questions, methodology and structure. Chapter 2 delves into the existing literature and developments in the field. It covers various aspects of modeling, such as conceptual, enterprise, and metamodeling, as well as extended reality (XR), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and the metaverse. Next, chapter 3 presents the generic requirements for metamodeling for augmented and virtual reality by systematically deriving use cases for joining AR and metamodeling. Chapter 4 then identifies specific requirements for integrating metamodeling with XR, such as coordinate mappings, visualization of model components, detection and tracking, context, or interaction. Subsequently, chapter 5 introduces a new domain-specific visual modeling language for creating augmented reality scenarios, particularly within the context of metamodeling, before chapter 6 outlines the conceptualization and design of a 3D enhanced metamodeling platform considering extended reality, detailing its structure, components, and the interconnection of its elements. Chapter 7 then presents the initial implementation of the various components of this modeling platform, and chapter 8 evaluates the newly introduced platform both theoretically and empirically. Eventually, chapter 9 concludes the book by an alignment with the initial research questions, discussing limitations, and provides a final summary and an outlook for further research. This book mainly aims at researchers in conceptual modeling, especially in projects related to XR, VR, or AR, as the presented new domain-specific modeling method for creating workflows for XR/VR/AR applications does not assume specific prior programming knowledge.

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The Special Issue on “Model-Based Tools for Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Processes” will curate novel advances in the development and application of model-based tools to address ever-present challenges of the traditional pharmaceutical manufacturing practice as well as new trends. This book provides a collection of nine papers on original advances in the model-based process unit, system-level, quality-by-design under uncertainty, and decision-making applications of pharmaceutical manufacturing processes.

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th IFIP WG 2.13 International Conference on Open Source Systems, OSS 2017, held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in May 2017.

The 16 revised full papers and 3 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 32 submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics related to free, libre, and open source software (FLOSS), including: licensing, strategies, and practices; case studies; projects, communication, and participation; tools; and project management, development and evaluation.

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th IFIP WG 2.13 International Conference on Open Source Systems, OSS 2017, held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in May 2017.

The 16 revised full papers and 3 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 32 submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics related to free, libre, and open source software (FLOSS), including: licensing, strategies, and practices; case studies; projects, communication, and participation; tools; and project management, development and evaluation.

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An examination of Mozilla's unique approach to software development considers how this model of participation might be applied to political and civic engagement.Firefox, a free Web browser developed by the Mozilla Foundation, is used by an estimated 270 million people worldwide. To maintain and improve the Firefox browser, Mozilla depends not only on its team of professional programmers and managers but also on a network of volunteer technologists and enthusiasts—free/libre and open source software (FLOSS) developers—who contribute their expertise. This kind of peer production is unique, not only for its vast scale but also for its combination of structured, hierarchical management with open, collaborative volunteer participation. In this MacArthur Foundation Report, David Booth examines the Mozilla Foundation's success at organizing large-scale participation in the development of its software and considers whether Mozilla's approach can be transferred to government and civil society. Booth finds parallels between Mozilla's collaboration with Firefox users and the Obama administration's philosophy of participatory governance (which itself amplifies the much older Jeffersonian ideal of democratic participation). Mozilla's success at engendering part-time, volunteer participation that produces real marketplace innovation suggests strategies for organizing civic participation in communities and government. Mozilla's model could not only show us how to encourage the technical community to participate in civic life but also teach us something about how to create successful political democracy.

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Practical Cryptography for Developers: Hashes, MAC, Key Derivation, DHKE, Symmetric and Asymmetric Ciphers, Elliptic Curves, Digital Signatures - nakov/practical-cryptography-for-developers-book

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Photovoltaic solar energy technology (PV) has been developing rapidly in the past decades, leading to a multi-billion-dollar global market. It is of paramount importance that PV systems function properly, which requires the generation of expected energy both for small-scale systems that consist of a few solar modules and for very large-scale systems containing millions of modules. This book increases the understanding of the issues relevant to PV system design and correlated performance; moreover, it contains research from scholars across the globe in the fields of data analysis and data mapping for the optimal performance of PV systems, faults analysis, various causes for energy loss, and design and integration issues. The chapters in this book demonstrate the importance of designing and properly monitoring photovoltaic systems in the field in order to ensure continued good performance.

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Python is rapidly becoming the de facto standard language for systems integration. Python has a large user and developer-base external to theneuroscience community, and a vast module library that facilitates rapid and maintainable development of complex and intricate systems. In this Research Topic, we highlight recent efforts to develop Python modules for the domain of neuroscience software and neuroinformatics: - simulators and simulator interfaces - data collection and analysis - sharing, re-use, storage and databasing of models and data - stimulus generation - parameter search and optimization - visualization - VLSI hardware interfacing. Moreover, we seek to provide a representative overview of existing mature Python modules for neuroscience and neuroinformatics, to demonstrate a critical mass and show that Python is an appropriate choice of interpreter interface for future neuroscience software development.

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Real World OCaml provides thorough coverage of OCaml's language features, starting with a lightweight guided tour, and then exploring every major feature in depth, including functors and GADTs. It is an essential guide for programmers looking to learn statically typed functional programming. Also available as open access on Cambridge Core.

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Natural language is the main means to state requirements in software development. Today, requirements engineering is the first and main part of the software development and is mainly manual. These processes are error prone and depend on the experience and skills of the requirements analyst. The goal of this work is to automate parts of these manual processes with software tools.

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Natural language is the main means to state requirements in software development. Today, requirements engineering is the first and main part of the software development and is mainly manual. These processes are error prone and depend on the experience and skills of the requirements analyst. The goal of this work is to automate parts of these manual processes with software tools.

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Get the most out of this Open Access foundational reference and improve the productivity of your software teams. This open access book collects the wisdom of the 2017 "Dagstuhl" seminar on productivity in software engineering, a meeting of community leaders, who came together with the goal of rethinking traditional definitions and measures of productivity.

The results of their work, Rethinking Productivity in Software Engineering, includes chapters covering definitions and core concepts related to productivity, guidelines for measuring productivity in specific contexts, best practices and pitfalls, and theories and open questions on productivity. You'll benefit from the many short chapters, each offering a focused discussion on one aspect of productivity in software engineering.

Readers in many fields and industries will benefit from their collected work. Developers wanting to improve their personal productivity, will learn effective strategies for overcoming common issues that interfere with progress. Organizations thinking about building internal programs for measuring productivity of programmers and teams will learn best practices from industry and researchers in measuring productivity. And researchers can leverage the conceptual frameworks and rich body of literature in the book to effectively pursue new research directions.

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Software has changed the rules of the game. The world talks about the digitalization in industry and society – how the focus has shifted from producing tangible things towards software and services. This trend started many years ago, but is now affecting every company, whether it’s a software company or not. There are many companies that have already made a digitalization journey – and many are about to embark on this journey – like you.

How do you transform your organization when software is becoming a critical part of your business?

This book presents the Scaling Management Framework, a model based on collected experiences from companies that have already made the journey to give software a central role within the organization. The model is unique because it suggests a holistic method to analyze and plan your journey. It simply means that you can’t just focus solely on your products or services. You also have to look closely at your processes and your organization, the way you make decisions and get things done. Inevitably, these will have to change.

This book comes with a map, a compass, and suggested journeys along with selected travel stories comprising best practices and lessons learned from past digitalization journeys. Use the map to find your way in the digitalization landscape, and use the compass to find the direction of your journey.

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software development; process management; collaboration; software-driven innovation

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Software Engineering; Software Development; Software Processes; Software Architectures; Software Management

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This book includes contributions by leading researchers and industry thought leaders on various topics related to the essence of software engineering and their application in industrial projects. It offers a broad overview of research findings dealing with current practical software engineering issues and also pointers to potential future developments.

Celebrating the 20th anniversary of adesso AG, adesso gathered some of the pioneers of software engineering including Manfred Broy, Ivar Jacobson and Carlo Ghezzi at a special symposium, where they presented their thoughts about latest software engineering research and which are part of this book. This way it offers readers a concise overview of the essence of software engineering, providing valuable insights into the latest methodological research findings and adesso’s experience applying these results in real-world projects.

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This book includes contributions by leading researchers and industry thought leaders on various topics related to the essence of software engineering and their application in industrial projects. It offers a broad overview of research findings dealing with current practical software engineering issues and also pointers to potential future developments.

Celebrating the 20th anniversary of adesso AG, adesso gathered some of the pioneers of software engineering including Manfred Broy, Ivar Jacobson and Carlo Ghezzi at a special symposium, where they presented their thoughts about latest software engineering research and which are part of this book. This way it offers readers a concise overview of the essence of software engineering, providing valuable insights into the latest methodological research findings and adesso’s experience applying these results in real-world projects.

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This reprint presents a collection of papers showcasing the latest advancements and research work in the field of electrical machines. The reprint focuses on pioneering electrical machine technologies that have the potential to emerge as the next generation of electrical machines, and their potential applications in various industries. The papers delve into distinct machine technologies, such as flux-intensifying memory machines, Vernier machines, flux-reversal machines, wound rotor machines, line start motors, and doubly fed machines, and explore their applications in areas including electric transportation and renewable energy power generation. The reprint serves as a useful resource for researchers, engineers, and students who are interested in emerging electrical machine technologies.

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This work developed an automatic approach for the assessment of software reliability which is both theoretical sound and practical. The developed approach extends and combines theoretical sound approaches in a novel manner to systematically reduce the overhead of reliability assessment.

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